Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, sentence 34
The extensive pine forests owned by the Chippewas have attracted many white men who are trying to gain possession of them, but the wise chiefs know their value and their people’s need, and they remember the years of warfare when the land was won; neither have they yet broken their treaty promises.
Who acts: many white men, wise chiefs, ’s, men · What happens: own, attract, try, gain, know, need · To what, where: extensive pine forests, possession, value, people, land, treaty promises
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many white men, wise chiefs, ’s, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 forests | det |
| 2 | extensive | extensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 forests | amod |
| 3 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 forests | compound |
| 4 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 attracted | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | owned | own | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 forests | acl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 Chippewas | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Chippewas | det |
| 8 | Chippewas | chippewa | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 owned | obl:agent |
| 9 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 attracted | aux |
| 10 | attracted | attract | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 men | amod |
| 12 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 men | amod |
| 13 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 trying | nsubj |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 trying | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 trying | aux |
| 16 | trying | try | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 attracted | ccomp |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 gain | mark |
| 18 | gain | gain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 trying | xcomp |
| 19 | possession | possession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 gain | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 them | case |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 possession | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 know | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 know | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 chiefs | det |
| 25 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 chiefs | amod |
| 26 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 know | nsubj |
| 27 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 attracted | parataxis |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 value | nmod:poss |
| 29 | value | value | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 know | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 people | cc |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 people | nmod:poss |
| 32 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 value | conj |
| 33 | ’s | ' | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 need | nsubj |
| 34 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 people | acl:relcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 remember | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 remember | cc |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 remember | nsubj |
| 38 | remember | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 know | conj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 years | det |
| 40 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 remember | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 warfare | case |
| 42 | warfare | warfare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 years | nmod |
| 43 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 47 won | mark |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 land | det |
| 45 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 won | nsubj |
| 46 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 won | aux:pass |
| 47 | won | win | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 remember | ccomp |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 have | punct |
| 49 | neither | neither | ADV | _ | 50 have | advmod |
| 50 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 attracted | parataxis |
| 51 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 broken | nsubj |
| 52 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 53 broken | advmod |
| 53 | broken | broken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 have | ccomp |
| 54 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 56 promises | nmod:poss |
| 55 | treaty | treaty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 promises | compound |
| 56 | promises | promise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 broken | obj |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 attracted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | own | participle | the extensive pine forests not said here | the Chippewas obl:agent | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | attract | present · perfect · passive | the extensive pine forests | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | try | present · progressive | many white men | who nsubj | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | gain not said to happen | to-infinitive | many white men not said here | possession of men | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent possession=Theme | ||||
| 5 | know | present | the wise chiefs | men's value and men's people | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer value=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | need | present | ’s | men's people not said here | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot people=Theme | ||||
| 7 | remember | present | ’s = ' | year | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 8 | win | past · passive | the land | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 9 | have | infinitive | neither property | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | broken | present | ’s = ' | men's treaty promises | yet | tree rules | |||
| 11 | possess | men = man | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 12 | value | men = man | nom value «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 13 | promise | men = man | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/21/34/