Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Chief Logan and Others, sentence 13
These are the names of men who kept their promises and fought bravely for their white friends.
Who acts: These, men · What happens: be, keep, fight, promise · To what, where: names, promises
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Chief Logan and Others. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 names | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 names | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 names | det |
| 4 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 men | case |
| 6 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 names | nmod |
| 7 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 kept | nsubj |
| 8 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 men | acl:relcl |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 promises | nmod:poss |
| 10 | promises | promise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 kept | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 fought | cc |
| 12 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 kept | conj |
| 13 | bravely | bravely | ADV | _ | 12 fought | advmod |
| 14 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 friends | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 friends | nmod:poss |
| 16 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 friends | amod |
| 17 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 fought | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 names | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | These | the names | of men | tree rules | |||
| 2 | keep | past | men | men's promises | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fight | past | men not said here | for promises's white friends; bravely property | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | promise | men = man | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/22/13/