Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, A Navajo Medicine Chant, sentence 24
He stepped upon these, and his white moccasins fastened to the lightning.
Who acts: Butterfly, white moccasins · What happens: step, fasten · To what, where: these
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, A Navajo Medicine Chant. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Butterfly, white moccasins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 stepped | nsubj |
| 2 | stepped | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 these | case |
| 4 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 stepped | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 fastened | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 fastened | cc |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 moccasins | nmod:poss |
| 8 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 moccasins | amod |
| 9 | moccasins | moccasin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fastened | nsubj |
| 10 | fastened | fasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stepped | conj |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 lightning | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 lightning | det |
| 13 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fastened | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stepped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | step | past | Butterfly | these | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon this=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | fasten | past | Butterfly's white moccasins | to the lightning | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to lightning=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/23/24/