Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth, sentence 26
It was like twilight in this cave, but at first all thought that they had reached the blazing sun, it was so light.
Who acts: other two, caves · What happens: be, think, reach, blaze · To what, where: cave, blazing sun, light · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other two, caves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 twilight | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 twilight | cop |
| 3 | like | like | ADP | _ | 4 twilight | case |
| 4 | twilight | twilight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 cave | case |
| 6 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 cave | det |
| 7 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 twilight | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 thought | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 thought | cc |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 first | case |
| 11 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 thought | obl |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 thought | advmod |
| 13 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 twilight | parataxis |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 reached | mark |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 reached | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 reached | aux |
| 17 | reached | reach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 thought | ccomp |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 sun | det |
| 19 | blazing | blaze | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 sun | amod |
| 20 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 reached | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 light | punct |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 light | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 light | cop |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 light | advmod |
| 25 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 twilight | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 twilight | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | other two = two | this cave | twilight property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | think speech: other | past | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | reach | past · perfect | caves = cave | the blazing sun | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent sun=Theme | ||||
| 4 | blaze | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | is a | past | other two = two | light | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/24/26/