Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Introductory—indian Stories, sentence 6
The paleface must show himself a very good friend indeed before he is allowed to hear the stories told to native guests or to the children.
Who acts: paleface · What happens: show, allow, hear, tell · To what, where: good friend, paleface, stories, native guests · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Introductory—indian Stories. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (paleface), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 paleface | det |
| 2 | paleface | paleface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 show | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 show | aux |
| 4 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 show | iobj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 friend | det |
| 7 | very | very | ADV | _ | 8 good | advmod |
| 8 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 friend | amod |
| 9 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 show | obj |
| 10 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 9 friend | advmod |
| 11 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 14 allowed | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 allowed | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 allowed | aux:pass |
| 14 | allowed | allow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 show | ccomp |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 hear | mark |
| 16 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 allowed | xcomp |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 stories | det |
| 18 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 hear | obj |
| 19 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 stories | acl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 guests | case |
| 21 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 guests | amod |
| 22 | guests | guest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 told | obl |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 children | cc |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 children | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 children | det |
| 26 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 guests | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 show | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | must | the paleface | a good friend | paleface | tree rules | |||
| 2 | allow | present · passive | paleface | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | hear not said to happen | to-infinitive | paleface not said here | the stories | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | tell speech: assert | participle | the stories not said here | native guests or the children | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to guest=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/25/6/