Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller, sentence 44
Iagoo tore off the left wing of one, and he made a sail for his birch-bark canoe from that wing.
Who acts: Iagoo · What happens: tore off, make · To what, where: left wing, sail, wing
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iagoo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iagoo | Iagoo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 tore | nsubj |
| 2 | tore | tore | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | off | off | ADP | _ | 6 wing | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 wing | det |
| 5 | left | left | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 wing | amod |
| 6 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 tore | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 one | case |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 wing | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 made | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 made | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 made | nsubj |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 tore | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 sail | det |
| 14 | sail | sail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 canoe | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 canoe | nmod:poss |
| 17 | birch | birch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 bark | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 birch | punct |
| 19 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 canoe | compound |
| 20 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sail | nmod |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 wing | case |
| 22 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 wing | det |
| 23 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 tore | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tore off | past | Iagoo | the left wing of one | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | past | Iagoo | a sail | that wing | for Iagoo's bark canoe | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.material PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent sail=Product from wing=Material for canoe=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/26/44/