Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, II. How Clay Dishes Were First Made, sentence 7
They laughed at their footprints in the clay, for they had left deep holes everywhere.
Who acts: children · What happens: laugh, leave · To what, where: footprints, deep holes
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. How Clay Dishes Were First Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 laughed | nsubj |
| 2 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 footprints | case |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 footprints | nmod:poss |
| 5 | footprints | footprint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 laughed | obl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 clay | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 clay | det |
| 8 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 laughed | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 left | punct |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 13 left | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 left | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 left | aux |
| 13 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 laughed | conj |
| 14 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 holes | amod |
| 15 | holes | hole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 left | obj |
| 16 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 13 left | advmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | children = child | children's footprints | in the clay | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in clay=Theme | |||
| 2 | leave | past · perfect | children = child | deep holes | everywhere property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/27/7/