Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, III. Leaping Rock in the Pipestone Valley, sentence 20
The chief of his tribe gave him the feather of an eagle to wear, for only a strong brave may wear a feather in his scalp lock.
Who acts: chief · What happens: give, wear · To what, where: feather, arrow, a, scalp lock
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, III. Leaping Rock in the Pipestone Valley. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chief | det |
| 2 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 tribe | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 tribe | nmod:poss |
| 5 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chief | nmod |
| 6 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 gave | iobj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 feather | det |
| 9 | feather | feather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gave | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 eagle | case |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 eagle | det |
| 12 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 feather | nmod |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 wear | mark |
| 14 | wear | wear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 gave | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 a | punct |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 a | case |
| 17 | only | only | ADV | _ | 18 a | advmod |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 wear | obj |
| 19 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 a | amod |
| 20 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 wear | advcl |
| 21 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 wear | aux |
| 22 | wear | wear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 strong | parataxis |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 feather | det |
| 24 | feather | feather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 wear | obj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 lock | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 lock | nmod:poss |
| 27 | scalp | scalp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 lock | compound |
| 28 | lock | lock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 feather | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the chief of arrow's tribe | the feather of a eagle | arrow | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient feather=Theme | |||
| 2 | wear | to-infinitive | the chief of arrow's tribe not said here | a | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent a=Source | ||||
| 3 | wear | may | a feather | arrow's scalp lock | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent feather=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/28/20/