Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IV. the Face of the Great Manitou in the Rock, sentence 32
The Dakota prays to the sun. One of his prayers is this:
Who acts: Dakota, Spirit · What happens: pray, be · To what, where: One, this
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. the Face of the Great Manitou in the Rock. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakota, Spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Dakota | det |
| 2 | Dakota | Dakota | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 prays | nsubj |
| 3 | prays | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 sun. | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 sun. | det |
| 6 | sun. | sun. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 prays | obl |
| 7 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 prays | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 prayers | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 prayers | nmod:poss |
| 10 | prayers | prayer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 One | nmod |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 this | cop |
| 12 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 One | nmod |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 prays | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pray | present | the Dakota | One of Spirit's prayers | to the sun. | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | present | this | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | pray | Spirit | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/29/32/