Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians, sentence 10
It was good meat, but it was hard work to hunt, and many days there were neither elk nor deer in sight.
Who acts: forest, many days · What happens: be, hunt, elk · To what, where: good meat, hard work, sight
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forest, many days), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 meat | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 meat | cop |
| 3 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 meat | amod |
| 4 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 work | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 work | cc |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 work | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 work | cop |
| 9 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 work | amod |
| 10 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 meat | nmod |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 hunt | mark |
| 12 | hunt | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 work | acl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 elk | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 elk | cc |
| 15 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 days | amod |
| 16 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 elk | nsubj |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 were | expl |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 days | acl:relcl |
| 19 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 20 elk | cc:preconj |
| 20 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 meat | conj |
| 21 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 22 deer | cc |
| 22 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 elk | conj |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 sight | case |
| 24 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 elk | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 meat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | forest | good meat and elk nor deer | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | forest | hard work | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hunt | to-infinitive | forest not said here | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | elk | many days | sight | deer conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/31/10/