Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VIII. Giants and Fairies, sentence 2
The red men are very proud of their own people, who can lift the greatest weight, run the fastest races, or suffer the most pain without making a sound.
Who acts: red men · What happens: be, lift, run, suffer, make · To what, where: greatest weight, fastest races, pain, sound
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VIII. Giants and Fairies. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (red men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 men | det |
| 2 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 men | amod |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 proud | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 proud | cop |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 proud | advmod |
| 6 | proud | proud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 people | case |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 people | nmod:poss |
| 9 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 people | amod |
| 10 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 proud | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 lift | punct |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 lift | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 lift | aux |
| 14 | lift | lift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 proud | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 weight | det |
| 16 | greatest | great | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 17 weight | amod |
| 17 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lift | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 run | punct |
| 19 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 lift | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 races | det |
| 21 | fastest | fast | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 22 races | amod |
| 22 | races | race | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 run | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 suffer | punct |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 suffer | cc |
| 25 | suffer | suffer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 lift | conj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 pain | det |
| 27 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 28 pain | advmod |
| 28 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 suffer | obj |
| 29 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 30 making | mark |
| 30 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 suffer | advcl |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 sound | det |
| 32 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 making | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 proud | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the red men | of men's own people; proud property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | lift | can | the greatest weight | who nsubj | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Theme | ||||
| 3 | run | infinitive | the fastest races | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme race=Trajectory | |||||
| 4 | suffer | infinitive | the pain | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pain=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | make | gerund | a sound | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/33/2/