Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IX. Weenk the Sleep-bringer and His Warriors, sentence 25
Sometimes they come on the fireflies, and sometimes the mosquitoes and busy gnats bring them.
Who acts: stories, mosquitoes · What happens: come, bring · To what, where: fireflies, stories
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IX. Weenk the Sleep-bringer and His Warriors. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stories, mosquitoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 3 come | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 come | nsubj |
| 3 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 fireflies | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 fireflies | det |
| 6 | fireflies | firefly | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 come | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 bring | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 bring | cc |
| 9 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 15 bring | advmod |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 mosquitoes | det |
| 11 | mosquitoes | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 bring | nsubj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 gnats | cc |
| 13 | busy | busy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 gnats | amod |
| 14 | gnats | gnat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 mosquitoes | conj |
| 15 | bring | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 come | conj |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 bring | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 come | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | stories = story | the fireflies | sometimes property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on firefly=Location | |||
| 2 | bring | present | the mosquitoes and busy gnats | stories = story | sometimes property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/34/25/