Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. the Little People of the Senecas, sentence 20
My people have said it,” said the little one.
Who acts: people · What happens: say · To what, where: deerskin, little one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. the Little People of the Senecas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 people | nmod:poss |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 said | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | aux |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 said | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 one | det |
| 10 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 one | amod |
| 11 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · perfect | My people | deerskin | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | My people not said here | the little one | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent one=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/35/20/