Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly, sentence 16
The Indians gave him arrows, and he made himself a new bow; these he took and went on a long hunt.
Who acts: Indians, Indian, these · What happens: give, make, take, go · To what, where: arrows, other three, Indian, long hunt
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians, Indian, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Indians | det |
| 2 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | iobj |
| 5 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 gave | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 made | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 made | cc |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 made | nsubj |
| 9 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gave | conj |
| 10 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 made | obj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 bow | det |
| 12 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 bow | amod |
| 13 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 made | obj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 took | punct |
| 15 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 took | nsubj |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 took | nsubj |
| 17 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gave | parataxis |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 went | cc |
| 19 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 took | conj |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 hunt | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 hunt | det |
| 22 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hunt | amod |
| 23 | hunt | hunt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 went | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the Indians | arrows | other three = three | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient arrow=Theme | |||
| 2 | make | past | Indian | Indian | a new bow obj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset himself=Beneficiary bow=Product | |||
| 3 | take | past | these | Indian nsubj | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | go | past | these not said here | a long hunt | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on hunt=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/36/16/