Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly, sentence 26
No other Indian was ever seen to fly in the air.
Who acts: other Indian · What happens: see, fly · To what, where: other Indian, air
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other Indian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 Indian | det |
| 2 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Indian | amod |
| 3 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 seen | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 seen | aux:pass |
| 5 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 6 seen | advmod |
| 6 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 fly | mark |
| 8 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 seen | xcomp |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 air | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 air | det |
| 11 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fly | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past · passive | no other Indian | ever | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fly | to-infinitive | no other Indian not said here | the air | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/36/26/