Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly, sentence 3
His arrows had never come back; they brought him nothing; he was tired and hungry; he had no more arrows.
Who acts: arrows, Indian · What happens: have, not come back, bring, be · To what, where: nothing, Indian, more arrows
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (arrows, Indian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 arrows | nmod:poss |
| 2 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 had | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 come | advmod |
| 5 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 had | xcomp |
| 6 | back | back | ADV | _ | 5 come | advmod |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 brought | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 brought | nsubj |
| 9 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 had | conj |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 brought | obj |
| 11 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 9 brought | obj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 tired | punct |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 tired | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 tired | cop |
| 15 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 brought | parataxis |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 hungry | cc |
| 17 | hungry | hungry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 tired | conj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 had | punct |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 had | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 had | conj |
| 21 | no | no | ADV | _ | 23 arrows | advmod |
| 22 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 arrows | amod |
| 23 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 had | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Indian's arrows | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | not come back | infinitive | Indian's arrows not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | bring | past | arrows = arrow | nothing | Indian | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination nothing=Theme | |||
| 4 | is | past | Indian | tired property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | be | Indian not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | have | past | Indian | more arrows | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/36/3/