Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XII. How the Bear Lost His Tail, sentence 30
“I have done nothing,” said the fox.
Who acts: fox · What happens: do, say · To what, where: nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XII. How the Bear Lost His Tail. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 done | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 done | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 done | aux |
| 4 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 said | ccomp |
| 5 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 4 done | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 done | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 done | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 fox | det |
| 10 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | obj |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do in a quote | present · perfect | the fox = fox | nothing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the fox | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/37/30/