Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XII. How the Bear Lost His Tail, sentence 9
While the Indian was hard at work pulling, the old fox pushed off two or three good fish and rolled off himself.
Who acts: Indian, work · What happens: be, pull, push off, roll off · To what, where: work, old fox, fox
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XII. How the Bear Lost His Tail. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indian, work), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 5 hard | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Indian | det |
| 3 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hard | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hard | cop |
| 5 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 fox | advcl |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 work | case |
| 7 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hard | obl |
| 8 | pulling | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 work | acl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 hard | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 fox | det |
| 11 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 fox | amod |
| 12 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 13 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 fox | acl |
| 14 | off | off | ADP | _ | 13 pushed | compound:prt |
| 15 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 fish | nummod |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 three | cc |
| 17 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 two | conj |
| 18 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 fish | amod |
| 19 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 pushed | obl:agent |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 rolled | cc |
| 21 | rolled | roll | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 pushed | conj |
| 22 | off | off | ADP | _ | 21 rolled | compound:prt |
| 23 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 21 rolled | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 fox | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the Indian | work | hard property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | pull | gerund | work not said here | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | push off | participle | the old fox not said here | two good fish obl:agent | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | roll off | participle | fox | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/37/9/