Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, sentence 2
A boy went out to hunt and crawled into a great hole where porcupines lived.
Who acts: boy, porcupines · What happens: go out, hunt, crawl, live · To what, where: great hole
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, porcupines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 hunt | mark |
| 6 | hunt | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 went | xcomp |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 crawled | cc |
| 8 | crawled | crawl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 9 | into | into | ADP | _ | 12 hole | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 hole | det |
| 11 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 hole | amod |
| 12 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 crawled | obl |
| 13 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 lived | advmod |
| 14 | porcupines | porcupine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 lived | nsubj |
| 15 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 hole | acl:relcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | a boy | out property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hunt | to-infinitive | a boy not said here | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | crawl | past | a boy not said here | a great hole | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into hole=Destination | ||||
| 4 | live | past | porcupines | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/40/2/