Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, sentence 22
A wolf stood in the council: “I have many cubs in my den.
Who acts: wolf, great gray fox · What happens: stand, have · To what, where: council, many cubs, den · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wolf, great gray fox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 wolf | det |
| 2 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | nsubj |
| 3 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 council | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 council | det |
| 6 | council | council | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 have | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 have | punct |
| 9 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 have | nsubj |
| 10 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 stood | parataxis |
| 11 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 cubs | amod |
| 12 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 have | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 den | case |
| 14 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 den | nmod:poss |
| 15 | den | den | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 have | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | a wolf | the council | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | have in a quote | present | a great gray fox = fox | many cubs | my den | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/40/22/