Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls, sentence 12
He is a great war chief, and we cannot offend him.”
Who acts: chief, we · What happens: be, not offend · To what, where: great war chief, chief
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 chief | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 chief | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 chief | det |
| 4 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 chief | amod |
| 5 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 chief | compound |
| 6 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 offend | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 offend | cc |
| 9 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 offend | nsubj |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 offend | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 offend | advmod |
| 12 | offend | offend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 chief | conj |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 offend | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 chief | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 chief | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | chief | a great war chief | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not offend | can | we | chief | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/41/12/