Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls, sentence 45
It bent them like a horseshoe, and they are that shape to this day.
Who acts: body, rocks · What happens: bend, be · To what, where: rocks, shape
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, rocks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 bent | nsubj |
| 2 | bent | bend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 bent | obj |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 horseshoe | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 horseshoe | det |
| 6 | horseshoe | horseshoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 bent | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 shape | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 shape | cc |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 shape | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 shape | cop |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 shape | mark |
| 12 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 bent | parataxis |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 day | case |
| 14 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 day | det |
| 15 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 shape | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 bent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bend | past | body | rocks = rock | like a horseshoe | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent they=Material | |||
| 2 | is a | present | rocks = rock | shape | day | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/41/45/