Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVIII. Mondahmin, Who Gave the Corn, sentence 13
He was not afraid, but he saw a strange sight.
Who acts: Wunaumon · What happens: not be, see · To what, where: strange sight
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVIII. Mondahmin, Who Gave the Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wunaumon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 afraid | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 afraid | cop |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 afraid | advmod |
| 4 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 saw | cc |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 afraid | conj |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 sight | det |
| 10 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sight | amod |
| 11 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is | past | Wunaumon | afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Wunaumon | a strange sight | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sight=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/43/13/