Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 17
A voice came to her heart from the rustling leaves.
Who acts: voice · What happens: come · To what, where: rustling leaves
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 voice | det |
| 2 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 heart | case |
| 5 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 heart | nmod:poss |
| 6 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 leaves | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 leaves | det |
| 9 | rustling | rustling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 leaves | compound |
| 10 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 came | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | a voice | the rustling leaves | to Leelinaw's heart | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to heart=Initial_Location from leaf=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/48/17/