Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 31

Three moons had gone when two Indians in their birch-bark canoe saw Leelinaw sitting by the Big Sea Water watching them.

Who acts: Three moons, two Indians, Leelinaw · What happens: go, see, sit, watch · To what, where: Leelinaw, Indians

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three moons, two Indians, Leelinaw), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 moons	nummod
2	moons	moon	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 gone	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 gone	aux
4	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	14 saw	advmod
6	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 Indians	nummod
7	Indians	Indian	PROPN	Number=Plur	14 saw	nsubj
8	in	in	ADP	_	13 canoe	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 canoe	nmod:poss
10	birch	birch	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bark	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 birch	punct
12	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 canoe	compound
13	canoe	canoe	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Indians	nmod
14	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 gone	advcl
15	Leelinaw	Leelinaw	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 saw	obj
16	sitting	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 saw	xcomp
17	by	by	ADP	_	21 Water	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 Water	det
19	Big	Big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 Water	amod
20	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Water	compound
21	Water	Water	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 sitting	obl
22	watching	watch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 sitting	advcl
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 watching	obj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 gone	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	go	past · perfect	Three moons			vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	see	past	two Indians in Indians's bark canoe	Leelinaw		tree rules
3	sit	gerund	Leelinaw not said here		by the Big Sea Water	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by water=Location
4	watch	gerund	Leelinaw not said here	Indians = indian		vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 31

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 31