Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 38
“The little people have done this thing,” said the parents.
Who acts: little people, parents · What happens: do, say · To what, where: thing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little people, parents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 done | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 people | det |
| 3 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 people | amod |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 done | nsubj |
| 5 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 done | aux |
| 6 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 said | ccomp |
| 7 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 thing | det |
| 8 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 done | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 done | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 done | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 parents | det |
| 13 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 said | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do in a quote | present · perfect | the little people | this thing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the parents | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/48/38/