Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIV. the White Stone Canoe, sentence 57
The white-haired chief had told him when he left the lodge that he would find this lake, and on its shore he would meet his lost bride.
Who acts: rabbit · What happens: tell, leave, find, meet, lose · To what, where: haired chief, rabbit, lodge, lake, lost bride, shore · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIV. the White Stone Canoe. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rabbit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 chief | det |
| 2 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 haired | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 white | punct |
| 4 | haired | haired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 chief | amod |
| 5 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 told | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 told | aux |
| 7 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 told | iobj |
| 9 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 left | advmod |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 left | nsubj |
| 11 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 told | ccomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 lodge | det |
| 13 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 left | obj |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 find | mark |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 find | nsubj |
| 16 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 find | aux |
| 17 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 lodge | acl |
| 18 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 lake | det |
| 19 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 find | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 meet | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 meet | cc |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 shore | case |
| 23 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 shore | nmod:poss |
| 24 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 meet | obl |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 meet | nsubj |
| 26 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 meet | aux |
| 27 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 told | parataxis |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 bride | nmod:poss |
| 29 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 bride | amod |
| 30 | bride | bride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 meet | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past · perfect · passive | the haired chief | rabbit | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | leave | past | rabbit | the lodge | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lodge=Theme | ||||
| 3 | find | would | rabbit | this lake | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lake=Topic | ||||
| 4 | meet | would | rabbit | rabbit's lost bride | lake's shore | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bride=Co-Agent | |||
| 5 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/49/57/