Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXV. the Great Bear in the Sky, sentence 13
The red maple leaves and the leaves of the oak show the hurt the bear has received.
Who acts: red maple leaves · What happens: show, receive · To what, where: hurt, bear · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXV. the Great Bear in the Sky. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (red maple leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 leaves | det |
| 2 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 leaves | amod |
| 3 | maple | maple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 leaves | compound |
| 4 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 show | nsubj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 leaves | cc |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 leaves | det |
| 7 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 leaves | conj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 oak | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 oak | det |
| 10 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leaves | nmod |
| 11 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hurt | det |
| 13 | hurt | hurt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 show | obj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 bear | det |
| 15 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 received | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 received | aux |
| 17 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 show | ccomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 show | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | the red maple leaves and the leaves of the oak | the hurt | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent hurt=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | receive | present · perfect · passive | the bear | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/50/13/