Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVI. the North Star, sentence 13
A little pukwudjinnie came out of a hollow tree when the chief had chanted his story.
Who acts: little pukwudjinnie · What happens: come out, chant · To what, where: hollow tree, chief
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little pukwudjinnie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 pukwudjinnie | det |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pukwudjinnie | amod |
| 3 | pukwudjinnie | pukwudjinnie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 tree | case |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 tree | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 tree | det |
| 8 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 tree | amod |
| 9 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 10 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 14 chanted | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 chief | det |
| 12 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 chanted | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 chanted | aux |
| 14 | chanted | chant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 came | advcl |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 story | nmod:poss |
| 16 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 chanted | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come out | past | a little pukwudjinnie | a hollow tree | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient tree=Result | ||||
| 2 | chant | past · perfect · passive | the chief | chief's story obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/51/13/