Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves, sentence 20
The warrior, who had so bravely fought his way through bands of men and hidden ways of thick trees, gave the war cry like an eagle, then bounded back into the wilderness.
Who acts: warrior · What happens: have, fight, give, bound back · To what, where: way, bands, war cry, wilderness
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warrior), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 warrior | det |
| 2 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fought | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 had | punct |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 had | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 warrior | acl:relcl |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 7 bravely | advmod |
| 7 | bravely | bravely | ADV | _ | 5 had | advmod |
| 8 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 way | nmod:poss |
| 10 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fought | obj |
| 11 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 bands | case |
| 12 | bands | band | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 fought | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 men | case |
| 14 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 bands | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 ways | cc |
| 16 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 ways | amod |
| 17 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 men | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 trees | case |
| 19 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 trees | amod |
| 20 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 ways | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 gave | punct |
| 22 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 fought | parataxis |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 cry | det |
| 24 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cry | compound |
| 25 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gave | obj |
| 26 | like | like | ADP | _ | 28 eagle | case |
| 27 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 eagle | det |
| 28 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gave | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 bounded | punct |
| 30 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 31 bounded | advmod |
| 31 | bounded | bound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 gave | conj |
| 32 | back | back | ADV | _ | 31 bounded | advmod |
| 33 | into | into | ADP | _ | 35 wilderness | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 wilderness | det |
| 35 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 bounded | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the warrior | bravely property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | fight | past | the warrior | warrior's way | bands of men and hidden ways of thick trees | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Co-Agent | |||
| 3 | give | past | the war cry | like a eagle | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cry=Theme | ||||
| 4 | bound back | participle | the wilderness | then | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into wilderness=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/20/