Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXI. the Woman in the Moon, sentence 12
Once a month she stirs a great kettle of boiled corn that stands before her; while her two hands have hold of the stick, the cat which is always near her unravels her headstrap.
Who acts: question, boiled corn, two hands, cat · What happens: stir, boil, stand, have, be, hold · To what, where: great kettle, hold, stick
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXI. the Woman in the Moon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (question, boiled corn, two hands, cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 stirs | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 month | det |
| 3 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stirs | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 stirs | nsubj |
| 5 | stirs | stir | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 kettle | det |
| 7 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 kettle | amod |
| 8 | kettle | kettle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stirs | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 corn | case |
| 10 | boiled | boil | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 corn | amod |
| 11 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 kettle | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 stands | nsubj |
| 13 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 corn | acl:relcl |
| 14 | before | before | ADP | _ | 15 her | case |
| 15 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 stands | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 have | punct |
| 17 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 21 have | mark |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 hands | nmod:poss |
| 19 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 hands | nummod |
| 20 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 have | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 stirs | conj |
| 22 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 have | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 stick | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 stick | det |
| 25 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hold | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 cat | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 cat | det |
| 28 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hold | appos |
| 29 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 unravels | nsubj |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 unravels | cop |
| 31 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 34 unravels | advmod |
| 32 | near | near | ADP | _ | 33 her | case |
| 33 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 unravels | obl |
| 34 | unravels | unravel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 cat | acl:relcl |
| 35 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 headstrap | nmod:poss |
| 36 | headstrap | headstrap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 unravels | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 stirs | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stir | present | question | a great kettle of boiled corn | month | once property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus kettle=Experiencer | ||
| 2 | boil | participle | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | stand | present | boiled corn | before question | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before she=Location | ||||
| 4 | have | present | question's two hands | hold of the stick | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | present | the cat | near question; question's headstrap obj; always, unravel property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | hold | the stick | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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