Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXIV. the Echo God and the Northern Lights, sentence 13
A dance was always given to the echo god after a victory, and with this was given a great feast, but never until they had mourned for their dead and decided what to do with their captives.
Who acts: tribes · What happens: give, not mourn, decide, do · To what, where: dance, echo god, this
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXIV. the Echo God and the Northern Lights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 dance | det |
| 2 | dance | dance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 given | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 given | aux:pass |
| 4 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 5 given | advmod |
| 5 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 god | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 god | det |
| 8 | echo | echo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 god | compound |
| 9 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 given | obl |
| 10 | after | after | ADP | _ | 12 victory | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 victory | det |
| 12 | victory | victory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 god | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 given | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 given | cc |
| 15 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 18 given | mark |
| 16 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 given | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 given | aux:pass |
| 18 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 given | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 feast | det |
| 20 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 feast | amod |
| 21 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 given | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 mourned | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 mourned | cc |
| 24 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 28 mourned | advmod |
| 25 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 28 mourned | mark |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 mourned | nsubj |
| 27 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 mourned | aux |
| 28 | mourned | mourn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 given | conj |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 dead | case |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 dead | nmod:poss |
| 31 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 mourned | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 decided | cc |
| 33 | decided | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 given | conj |
| 34 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 36 do | obj |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 do | mark |
| 36 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 decided | xcomp |
| 37 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 captives | case |
| 38 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 captives | nmod:poss |
| 39 | captives | captive | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 do | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past · passive | a dance | the echo god after a victory | always property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to god=Recipient | |||
| 2 | give | past · passive | this | a great feast obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient feast=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not mourn | past · perfect | tribes = tribe | for tribes's dead | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for dead=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | decide | past | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 5 | do not said to happen | to-infinitive | with tribes's captives; what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/59/13/