Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Some Things the Indians Knew Before White Men Came, sentence 20
In the ruined houses of the cliff-dwellers of Texas and Arizona fragments of cloth woven from cotton and other substances have been found.
What happens: ruin, weave, find · To what, where: cloth, cotton, ruined houses
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Some Things the Indians Knew Before White Men Came. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 houses | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 houses | det |
| 3 | ruined | ruin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 houses | amod |
| 4 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 found | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 dwellers | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 dwellers | det |
| 7 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 dwellers | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 cliff | punct |
| 9 | dwellers | dweller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 houses | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Texas | case |
| 11 | Texas | Texas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 dwellers | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 fragments | cc |
| 13 | Arizona | Arizona | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 fragments | compound |
| 14 | fragments | fragment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 Texas | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 cloth | case |
| 16 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 fragments | nmod |
| 17 | woven | weave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 cloth | acl |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 cotton | case |
| 19 | cotton | cotton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 woven | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 substances | cc |
| 21 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 substances | amod |
| 22 | substances | substance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 cotton | conj |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 found | aux |
| 24 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 found | aux:pass |
| 25 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ruin | participle | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | weave | participle | cloth not said here | cotton and other substances | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from cotton=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | find | present · perfect · passive | the ruined houses of the cliff dwellers of Texas and Arizona fragments of cloth | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/6/20/