Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVI. How the Water Lily Came, sentence 31
She could see the people, but could not hear them talk.
Who acts: young brave, people · What happens: see, not hear, talk · To what, where: people
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVI. How the Water Lily Came. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young brave, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 see | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 see | aux |
| 3 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 people | det |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 see | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 hear | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 hear | cc |
| 8 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 hear | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 hear | advmod |
| 10 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 see | conj |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 hear | obj |
| 12 | talk | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 hear | xcomp |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | could | young brave = brave | the people | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | not hear | could | young brave = brave not said here | people | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | talk | infinitive | people not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/61/31/