Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVII. the North Wind’s Defeat, sentence 14
Great drifts of snow were heaped everywhere.
What happens: heap, drift · To what, where: Great drifts, snow
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVII. the North Wind’s Defeat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 drifts | amod |
| 2 | drifts | drift | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 heaped | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 snow | case |
| 4 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 drifts | nmod |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heaped | aux:pass |
| 6 | heaped | heap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 6 heaped | advmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 heaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | heap | past · passive | Great drifts of snow | everywhere property | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | drift | snow | nom drift «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/62/14/