Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 114
He asked for his wife, and they pointed to an old squaw, wrinkled and with her face bent to her knees.
Who acts: tamanous, people · What happens: ask, point, wrinkle, bend · To what, where: old squaw, face, knees
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tamanous, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 asked | nsubj |
| 2 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 wife | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 wife | nmod:poss |
| 5 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 asked | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 pointed | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 pointed | cc |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 pointed | nsubj |
| 9 | pointed | point | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 asked | parataxis |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 squaw | case |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 squaw | det |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 squaw | amod |
| 13 | squaw | squaw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pointed | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 wrinkled | punct |
| 15 | wrinkled | wrinkle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 squaw | acl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 face | cc |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 face | case |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 face | nmod:poss |
| 19 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wrinkled | conj |
| 20 | bent | bend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 face | acl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 knees | case |
| 22 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 knees | nmod:poss |
| 23 | knees | knee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 bent | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | tamanous | for tamanous's wife | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | point | past | people | a old squaw | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to squaw=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | wrinkle | participle | a old squaw not said here | wife's face conj | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | bend | participle | wife's face not said here | wife's knees | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to knee=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/63/114/