Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 25
The hunter was much ashamed; in the tree by the mountain he would be ashamed, but he never gave back the hiaqua.
Who acts: hunter, tamanous · What happens: be, not give back · To what, where: tree, hiaqua
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter, tamanous), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hunter | det |
| 2 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ashamed | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 ashamed | cop |
| 4 | much | much | ADV | _ | 5 ashamed | advmod |
| 5 | ashamed | ashamed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 ashamed | punct |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 tree | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 tree | det |
| 9 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ashamed | obl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 mountain | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 mountain | det |
| 12 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 tree | nmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 ashamed | nsubj |
| 14 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 ashamed | aux |
| 15 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 ashamed | cop |
| 16 | ashamed | ashamed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 ashamed | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 gave | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 gave | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 gave | nsubj |
| 20 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 21 gave | advmod |
| 21 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 ashamed | conj |
| 22 | back | back | ADV | _ | 21 gave | advmod |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 hiaqua | det |
| 24 | hiaqua | hiaqua | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 gave | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 ashamed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the hunter | ashamed property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | would | tamanous | the tree by the mountain | ashamed property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | not give back | past | tamanous | the hiaqua | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hiaqua=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/63/25/