Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 59
Four otters rose out of the black lake and came and sat at the north of him.
Who acts: Four otters · What happens: rise, come, sit · To what, where: black lake, north
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Four otters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 otters | nummod |
| 2 | otters | otter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 rose | nsubj |
| 3 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 lake | case |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 lake | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 lake | det |
| 7 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lake | amod |
| 8 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rose | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 came | cc |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 rose | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 sat | cc |
| 12 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | conj |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 north | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 north | det |
| 15 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sat | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 him | case |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 north | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | past | Four otters | the black lake | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent out lake=Location | ||||
| 2 | come | past | Four otters not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | sit | past | Four otters not said here | the north of tamanous | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at north=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/63/59/