Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast, sentence 20
The Indian boy covered his face and lay still upon the mat.
Who acts: Indian boy · What happens: cover, lay · To what, where: face, mat
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indian boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 boy | det |
| 2 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 boy | amod |
| 3 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 covered | nsubj |
| 4 | covered | cover | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 face | nmod:poss |
| 6 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 covered | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 lay | cc |
| 8 | lay | lay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 covered | conj |
| 9 | still | still | ADV | _ | 8 lay | advmod |
| 10 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 12 mat | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 mat | det |
| 12 | mat | mat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lay | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 covered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past | the Indian boy | boy's face | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent face=Destination | ||||
| 2 | lay | infinitive | the Indian boy not said here | the mat | still | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon mat=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/66/20/