Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast, sentence 8
In the morning his father came and asked him if the strong spirit had come to him in his dreams.
Who acts: father, strong spirit · What happens: come, ask, dream · To what, where: father, dreams
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, strong spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 morning | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 morning | det |
| 3 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 came | obl |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 father | nmod:poss |
| 5 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 came | nsubj |
| 6 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 asked | cc |
| 8 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 came | conj |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 asked | iobj |
| 10 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 come | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 spirit | det |
| 12 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 spirit | amod |
| 13 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 come | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 come | aux |
| 15 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 asked | advcl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 him | case |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 come | obl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 dreams | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 dreams | nmod:poss |
| 20 | dreams | dream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 come | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | father's father | morning | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | father's father not said here | father | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | come a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect | the strong spirit | father | father's dreams | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | dream | father | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/66/8/