Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Menabozho, or the Great White Hare, sentence 8
These manitous were something to be feared, and to which prayer ought to be offered.
Who acts: manitous · What happens: be, fear, offer · To what, where: something, prayer
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Menabozho, or the Great White Hare. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (manitous), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 manitous | det |
| 2 | manitous | manitou | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 something | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 something | cop |
| 4 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 feared | mark |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 feared | aux:pass |
| 7 | feared | fear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 something | acl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 offered | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 offered | cc |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 which | case |
| 11 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 12 prayer | det |
| 12 | prayer | prayer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 offered | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 offered | aux |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 offered | mark |
| 15 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 offered | aux:pass |
| 16 | offered | offer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 feared | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 something | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | this manitous | something | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fear | to-infinitive · passive | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V» | ||||||
| 3 | offer | ought · passive | which prayer | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/69/8/