Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, I. Menabozho and His Three Brothers, sentence 23
The spirit which he put in the north sends snow and ice so that the Indian may hunt during the cold moons.
Who acts: spirit, Indian · What happens: put, send, hunt · To what, where: north, snow
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Menabozho and His Three Brothers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spirit, Indian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 spirit | det |
| 2 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sends | nsubj |
| 3 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 put | nsubj:outer |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 put | nsubj |
| 5 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 spirit | acl:relcl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 north | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 north | det |
| 8 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 put | obl |
| 9 | sends | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sends | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 ice | cc |
| 12 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 snow | conj |
| 13 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 18 hunt | mark |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 so | fixed |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Indian | det |
| 16 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 hunt | nsubj |
| 17 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 hunt | aux |
| 18 | hunt | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 sends | advcl |
| 19 | during | during | ADP | _ | 22 moons | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 moons | det |
| 21 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 moons | amod |
| 22 | moons | moon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 hunt | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 sends | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | past | the spirit | the north | Menabozho nsubj | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in north=Destination | |||
| 2 | send | present | the spirit | snow and ice | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snow=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hunt | may | the Indian | during the cold moons | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/70/23/