Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, II. Story of the Deluge, sentence 6
He climbed up a tall pine tree, but the water came up to his chin; it could not go over his head, for there is not water enough in the whole world to drown the great Menabozho.
Who acts: water, tree · What happens: climb up, come up, not go, be, drown · To what, where: tall pine tree, chin, head, whole world, great Menabozho
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. Story of the Deluge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 climbed | nsubj |
| 2 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 climbed | compound:prt |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 tree | det |
| 5 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 tree | amod |
| 6 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 tree | compound |
| 7 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 climbed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 came | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 came | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 water | det |
| 11 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 came | nsubj |
| 12 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 climbed | conj |
| 13 | up | up | ADV | _ | 12 came | advmod |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 chin | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 chin | nmod:poss |
| 16 | chin | chin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 came | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 go | punct |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 go | nsubj |
| 19 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 go | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 go | advmod |
| 21 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 climbed | conj |
| 22 | over | over | ADP | _ | 24 head | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 head | nmod:poss |
| 24 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 go | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 is | punct |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 is | case |
| 27 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 is | expl |
| 28 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 climbed | conj |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 water | advmod |
| 30 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 is | nsubj |
| 31 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 28 is | advmod |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 world | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 world | det |
| 34 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 world | amod |
| 35 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 is | obl |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 drown | mark |
| 37 | drown | drown | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 is | advcl |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 Menabozho | det |
| 39 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 Menabozho | amod |
| 40 | Menabozho | Menabozho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 drown | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 climbed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | climb up | past | water | a tall pine tree | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme | ||||
| 2 | come up | past | the water | water's chin | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to chin=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | not go | could | tree | water's head | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over head=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | be | present | water | the whole world; there | enough property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in world=Location | |||
| 5 | drown | to-infinitive | water not said here | the great Menabozho | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent menabozho=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/71/6/