Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, III. Menabozho Caught, sentence 8
A tall tree had fallen into the top of a small tree, and it was caught.
Who acts: tall tree · What happens: fall, catch · To what, where: top, tree
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, III. Menabozho Caught. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tall tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 tree | det |
| 2 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 tree | amod |
| 3 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fallen | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 fallen | aux |
| 5 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 top | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 top | det |
| 8 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fallen | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 tree | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 tree | det |
| 11 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 tree | amod |
| 12 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 top | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 caught | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 caught | cc |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 caught | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 caught | aux:pass |
| 17 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 fallen | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fallen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past · perfect | a tall tree | into the top of a small tree result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into top=Result | ||||
| 2 | catch | past · passive | tree | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/72/8/