Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle, sentence 19
The kingfisher twisted his head out of Menabozho’s fingers, gave a laugh, and flew away; and that is the way he got his ruffle.
Who acts: kingfisher, that, Menabozho · What happens: twist, give, fly away, be, get · To what, where: head, fingers, laugh, way, ruffle
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kingfisher, that, Menabozho), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 kingfisher | det |
| 2 | kingfisher | kingfisher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 twisted | nsubj |
| 3 | twisted | twist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 head | nmod:poss |
| 5 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 twisted | obj |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 10 fingers | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 fingers | case |
| 8 | Menabozho | Menabozho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fingers | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 8 Menabozho | case |
| 10 | fingers | finger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 twisted | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 gave | punct |
| 12 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 twisted | parataxis |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 laugh | det |
| 14 | laugh | laugh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 gave | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 flew | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 flew | cc |
| 17 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 gave | conj |
| 18 | away | away | ADV | _ | 17 flew | advmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 way | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 way | cc |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 way | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 way | cop |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 way | det |
| 24 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 twisted | parataxis |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 got | nsubj |
| 26 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 way | acl:relcl |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 ruffle | nmod:poss |
| 28 | ruffle | ruffle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 got | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 twisted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | twist | past | the kingfisher | kingfisher's head | Menabozho's fingers | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent head=Theme out finger=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | give | past | a laugh | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laugh=Theme | |||||
| 3 | fly away | past | away property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | that | the way | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | get | past | Menabozho | Menabozho's ruffle | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ruffle=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/73/19/