Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, sentence 12
It had a face like a man; its nose was like an eagle’s bill.”
Who acts: sky, nose · What happens: have, be · To what, where: face
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sky, nose), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 face | det |
| 4 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 man | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 man | det |
| 7 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 face | nmod |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 bill | punct |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 nose | nmod:poss |
| 10 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bill | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 bill | cop |
| 12 | like | like | ADP | _ | 16 bill | case |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 eagle | det |
| 14 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bill | nmod:poss |
| 15 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 14 eagle | case |
| 16 | bill | bill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 bill | punct |
| 18 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 bill | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | sky | a face | like a man | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient | |||
| 2 | is | past | sky's nose | like a eagle's bill; a eagle nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/76/12/