Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, sentence 31
It is a great battle; when there is a storm Unktahe sends the thunder-birds back to the sky, sometimes.”
Who acts: tribe, storm, great battle · What happens: be, send · To what, where: great battle, thunder birds, sky
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribe, storm, great battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 battle | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 battle | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 battle | det |
| 4 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 battle | amod |
| 5 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sends | nsubj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 5 battle | punct |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 is | advmod |
| 8 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 9 is | expl |
| 9 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 battle | parataxis |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 storm | det |
| 11 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 is | nsubj |
| 12 | Unktahe | Unktahe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 storm | appos |
| 13 | sends | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 birds | det |
| 15 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 birds | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 thunder | punct |
| 17 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 sends | obj |
| 18 | back | back | ADV | _ | 21 sky | advmod |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 sky | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sky | det |
| 21 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sends | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 sometimes | punct |
| 23 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 13 sends | advmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 sends | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 sends | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | tribe | a great battle | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | present | a storm | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | send | present | a great battle | the thunder birds | the sky | sometimes property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bird=Theme to sky=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/76/31/