Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, sentence 9
“Did you ever see a thunder-bird?” was asked by the white man.
Who acts: white man · What happens: ask
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (white man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 asked | punct |
| 2 | Did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 see | aux |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 see | nsubj |
| 4 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 5 see | advmod |
| 5 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 asked | aux:pass |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 bird | det |
| 7 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 bird | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 thunder | punct |
| 9 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 see | obj |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 see | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 see | punct |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 asked | aux:pass |
| 13 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 man | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 man | det |
| 16 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 man | amod |
| 17 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 asked | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | present · passive | the white man | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/76/9/