Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. Legend of the Arbutus, sentence 50
The trees put on their leaves, and the grass grows thick like the fur of the bear.
Who acts: trees, grass · What happens: put, grow · To what, where: leaves
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, grass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 trees | det |
| 2 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 put | nsubj |
| 3 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 leaves | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 leaves | nmod:poss |
| 6 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 put | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 grows | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 grows | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 grass | det |
| 10 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 grows | nsubj |
| 11 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 12 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 grows | xcomp |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 fur | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 fur | det |
| 15 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 thick | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 bear | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 bear | det |
| 18 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fur | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 put | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | past | the trees | trees's leaves | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on leaf=Destination | ||||
| 2 | grow | present | the grass | thick property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/50/