Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. Legend of the Arbutus, sentence 60
There was ice on the leaves, but it did not hurt the pink flowers.
Who acts: ice · What happens: be, not hurt · To what, where: pink flowers
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 leaves | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 leaves | det |
| 6 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 ice | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hurt | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 hurt | cc |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 hurt | nsubj |
| 10 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 hurt | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 hurt | advmod |
| 12 | hurt | hurt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 was | advcl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 flowers | det |
| 14 | pink | pink | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 flowers | amod |
| 15 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 hurt | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | ice on the leaves | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not hurt | past · do-support | ice | the pink flowers | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flower=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/60/